We're skipping ahead through
Guided Math by Laney Sammons and arriving at chapter eight!
If you are interested in joining the study, click on the graphic to the left to get an overview of the Book Study
at
Primary Inspired.
Brenda does a great job of explaining the Book
Study adventure! She has organized this study so that we can all learn
from one another. You can also click on the guided math tab below her blog header. She's got everything organized there!
Chapter
8 is brought to you by Finding Joy in 6th Grade. Hey! That's MY Bloggy
Button! That's because it's my turn to be the hostess!
I am sharing these duties with
Guided Math Study Group. Why don't you hop over there and read Suzanne's perspective too
With the help of
KPM Doodles' sweet borders, I am addressing each chapter in two parts:
1)
What stood out to me in the book chapter and 2) How I might use this
new learning to shape the way I teach math to sixth graders....
So, let's get started...
The eighth chapter in the book is entitled:
Assessment in Guided Math
It
is common knowledge that assessment drives instruction. "The more
teachers know about their students' learning during instruction, the
more accurately instruction can be tailored to meet their unique needs" (
Guided Math,
Laney Sammons, 2010, p.227). Including students in the assessment
process allows them to assess their own understanding and to set goals for further learning.
Sammons presses the reader
to differentiate between assessment and evaluation. By her definition,
the ongoing formal and informal collection of evidence that is used to
inform teaching practice is considered
assessment. "With
assessment, a large amount of information is collected from a relatively
small number of students.... this process is assessment
for learning, rather than solely
of learning" (
Guided Math, Laney Sammons, 2010, p.228).
By contrast,
evaluation
is the determination of whether or not students have learned the
information--and how well this has been accomplished. In this case, a
small amount of information is gathered from a large number of students.
"
Evaluations are frequently used as forms of accountability, for reporting student progress to others, or used to identify trends" (
Making Classroom Assessment Work, A. Davies, 2000 in
Guided Math, Laney Sammons, 2010, p.228).
Assessment
and evaluations both have a place in determining students' learning and
planning for instruction. Sammons cites Fountas and Pinnell (1996) in
listing the following rational for systemic assessment:
- continually informing teaching decisions
- systematically assessing students' strengths and knowledge
- finding out what students can do, both independently and with teacher support
- documenting progress for parents and students
- summarizing achievement and learning over a given period--six weeks, a year, or longer
- reporting to administrators, school board members, and various stakeholders in the community
(
Guided Math, Laney Sammons, 2010, p.228-229)
Sammons
is careful to include the role of the student when designing
assessment. "Students improve their performances and increase their
learning when they know precisely what they have done well and exactly
what they need to do to improve, and then are given opportunities to do
so" (
Guided Math, Laney Sammons, 2010, p.229) The importance of
specific feedback cannot be underestimated in helping guide students to
improve their understanding of the concepts being taught and to improve
the quality of their analysis of their own learning.
Sammons again cites Davis (
Making Classroom Assessment Work, A. Davies, 2000) in listing the three steps for teachers to follow in linking descriptions of learning to instruction:
- Describe what the students will need to learn in a language that students and parents will understand
- Share the description with students and explain how it relates to success in life outside of school
- Use the description to guide instruction, assessment and evaluation.
Towards this end, Sammons discusses the relative merits of
checklists and rubrics. Checklists are more easily created than rubrics,
but they do not provide as much information to guide the student toward
improving performance. Rubrics are more difficult to create, but they provide students with descriptors of quality for each of the criteria that have been established for the assignment. In either case, involving the
students in the generation of checklists and rubrics is a critical step.
Further, modeling the use of these tools and giving the students
opportunity to evaluate exemplars leads to more skill in critiquing their own learning.
The
provision of specific descriptive feedback allows the teacher to share
with the student the things that he has done well and the areas in which
there is room for improvement. This feedback should come during the
learning as well as afterwards. In this way, students have an
opportunity to USE the feedback to adjust what they are doing.
Sammons cites Davis (
Making Classroom Assessment Work, A. Davies, 2000) in describing descriptive feedback as that which:
- comes during and after the learning
- is easily understood
- is related directly to the learning
- is specific, so that performance can improve
- involves choice on the part of the learner as to the type of feedback and how to receive it
- is part of the ongoing conversation about learning
- is in comparison to models, exemplars, samples and descriptions
- is about the performance of the work--not the person
As students become more confident and more adept at evaluating
their own learning, they become better able to set goals for their future
learning. This type of ownership helps to increase student motivation
which can further increase student performance.
Finally,
Sammons addresses the importance of assessing student performance so as
to maximize the benefit of grouping for instruction during
Guided Math. Much like Guided Reading, students may join and leave a
group based on assessment data. The recognition of theimportance of flexibility in
grouping leads to the most effective use of teaching time spent in
Guided Math groups.
Of all of the things I have read about Guided Math, the ideas presented
in this chapter will likely be the hardest for me to implement. It's
not that this type of assessment is a bad idea--in fact, it is a GREAT
idea!
Reviewing the discussion of descriptive
feedback (Davis) leaves me unsettled. That list could easily generate a book all
its own. I will need to look at this list as an ideal, not something
that can be accomplished by the end of September (by me or by the
students!)
This type of assessment and the related
thinking will involve a lot of planning. This is easy to see if you
review the process in reverse: Students should have a role in assessing
their own work. Which means that students should be
involved in the development of rubrics. This requires that assignments
must
be developed that allow for a comprehensive-yet measurable--response.
This, in turn, hinges on students' ability to evaluate a response of
product
critically (rather than simply checking off each component, which is
what
my students so often do).
As an additional consideration, much of this work requires students
to be fairly proficient in using
language to communicate responses and
to evaluate their own responses and those of others. This may present
an obstacle to many students who are learning English as a second
language. An acknowledgement of this contingency and the determination to plan around it is simply another consideration in making Guided Math work and work
well.
All in all, assessment is an area where I may need to give myself some grace. Like all of the topics presented in
Guided Math,
there is room for growth. We want students to move forward, assessing
their own learning and then setting goals to take on additional
challenges. The same will be true for me as I attempt to improve my
assessment of students' work by using rubrics and checklists, all while
keeping standards in mind.
"Assessment not only keep students accountable, it keeps teachers accountable" (
Guided Math,
Laney Sammons, 2010, p.244). I am ready to let this type of
accountability better guide my teaching practice, and, in turn, guide my
students' mathematical learning.
We're almost to the end of the book! The final chapter in
Guided Math will be hosted at two different sites on July 20th:
Second Grade Math Maniac and
The Creative Apple. Be sure you link up with them when the time arrives.
I've
enjoyed this journey with you (even though I didn't always post the
chapters that I finished), and I found my first online Book Study to be a
valuable learning experience--and much better than many PD meetings I've
attended--in part, because I was surrounded by so many BlogFriends who
really wanted to explore the information and learn new things.
Now
it's your turn! I have now learned how to add an Inlinkz button to link
up your learning about chapter eight. If you haven't read the book--or
if you have read it and don't have a blog post--I'd still love for you to
share your thoughts. Just leave a comment in the Comments section.
Good luck in your own exploration of Guided Math. As always, thanks for stopping by...
